Diskursus Agama dan Politik dalam Negara Demokrasi: Pemikiran Habermas, Tantangan, dan Etika bagi Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69621/jpf.v20i1.290Schlagworte:
agama, etika Berpolitik, Ruang publik, demokrasi, postsekularismeAbstract
Hubungan antara agama dan politik dalam demokrasi Indonesia kerap menimbulkan ketegangan, terutama akibat dominasi kelompok mayoritas yang memengaruhi kebijakan publik dan membatasi kebebasan kelompok agama minoritas. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana pemikiran dari Jürgen Habermas dapat digunakan untuk membaca dan mengkritisi relasi agama-politik dalam konteks demokrasi Indonesia. Empat prinsip utama postsekularisme—relasi saling belajar, penerjemahan bahasa religius ke dalam bahasa sekuler, bonum commune, dan netralitas negara—dijadikan sebagai kerangka teoritik untuk mengevaluasi praktik-praktik demokrasi yang tidak inklusif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif berbasis studi literatur dan analisis kasus, seperti pembatasan pembangunan rumah ibadah dan politisasi agama dalam pemilu. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemikiran Habermas dapat digunakan untuk membangun etika dalam berpolitik di Indonesia, namun tetap membutuhkan adaptasi terhadap realitas sosial-politik lokal yang kompleks, termasuk kuatnya identitas religius dalam ruang publik. Dengan demikian, artikel ini menemukan bahwa pemikiran Habermas relevan untuk membangun etika politik yang lebih deliberatif dan inklusif di Indonesia, serta menawarkan pendekatan filosofis baru untuk mengkritik praktik eksklusivisme religius dalam demokrasi mayoritas.
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